Privatize Social Security essays

Privatize Social Security expositions Privatize Social Security: Americans are Smart Enough to Invest for Themselves The start of the twentieth century was an extremely tough time for America and its residents. After the Industrial Revolution and the Great War came the Great Depression. The economy was slamming, and smashing quick; the securities exchange slammed twice in multi week, a large number of individuals were laid off, and organizations failed. These were unquestionably the hardest of times and the individuals were searching for help. On June 8, 1934, President Franklin D. Roosevelt reports to congress that he proposed to give a program to Social Security. He made the Committee on Economic Security to examine the whole issue of the economy and to give any suggestions that would assist congress with making an authoritative thought. Toward the beginning of January 1935, the board of trustees gave the report to Roosevelt and on January 17 he introduced it to congress. On August 14, 1935 the Social Security Act was go into law by President Roosevelt. The demonstration was to help individuals n eeding general government assistance and pay resigned laborers age 65 or more established a proceeding with salary after retirement. The program later change to incorporate joblessness protection, mature age help, help to dependant youngsters, and awards to states for clinical consideration. In 1939, the program was revised to incorporate installments to the mate and minor youngsters and survivors benefits pay in the occasion the laborer endured a sudden passing. This is essentially what Americans know as Social Security today and the program has been moderately unaltered since it was gazed more than sixty years back (Social Security History). This program was unquestionably required during these difficult situations; nobody can truly contend that. Be that as it may, the vast majority today examine Social Security like never before: it is contended in congress, it is discussed on the news, and it is bantered in political races. Americans feel that they can improve putting away their well deserved cash t... <!

Marxism in Metropolis free essay sample

The film has numerous topics and infers numerous things about advanced hypotheses and perspectives. The film involves numerous perspectives on Marxism, private enterprise, Industrialism, and composed religion, generally. Marxism is bolstered in the film, free enterprise isn't upheld in the film, Industrialism is in part upheld, and Organized Religion isn't upheld. Marxism is indicated is bolstered in Metropolis by demonstrating the repulsive consequences of what could have been forestalled if Marxism had been utilized. Marxism is the hypothesis that the common laborers merits regard, on the grounds that without them, nothing would be conceivable. It is basically compassion toward the common laborers. Johann Frederson, the pioneer of Metropolis, doesn’t care at about his laborers. He thinks more about the business than the wellbeing and government assistance of his laborers. For instance, when the â€Å"M-Machine† detonates in the film, the businesses acquire new specialists to keep the machine running before dealing with the men injured or executed in the mishap. We will compose a custom article test on Marxism in Metropolis or on the other hand any comparable theme explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page Another model is the scene where a specialist swoons. He later stirs to find that nobody had even seen that he blacked out and is compelled to come back to work. Marxism is depicted as acceptable in these circumstances in light of the fact that later in the film, the average workers and the laborers revolt as a result of the conditions they live in regular. In the event that Marxism had been applied, and the laborers were dealt with well, they wouldn’t have revolted, hence indicating Marxism is acceptable. Private enterprise is contradicted in Metropolis. It is spoken to through Frederson, Freder’s father, who attempts to twist his laborers for his own self-benefits as though they are basically resources that he claims. The film depicts private enterprise as a general terrible power that exploits the laborers. Private enterprise itself is the specific inverse of Marxism as appeared in the film. Private enterprise as of now clarified hurts the laborers and adventures them while Marxism helps the laborers and works in support of them. Industrialism is likewise a major hypothesis in appeared in Metropolis, and in light of the fact that it additionally identifies with industry, it identifies with private enterprise. In the film, industrialism is somewhat upheld on the grounds that without innovation and industrialization the world would in any case be in the Stone Age. Telephones, number crunchers, and PCs are required for an utilitarian culture, and that is the place the fractional help originates from. Industrialization is halfway restricted on the grounds that in the film, it goes excessively far. The machine is required for the general public to work in the film yet in the end, individuals are expected to make the machine work. So at long last, Frederson winds up making laborers work for the machine, so the machine could profit the world, nullifying the general purpose of the machine (not doing human work). Finally is Metropolis’s perspective on composed religion. The film restricts sorted out religion. Sorted out religion alludes to association of individuals supporting the activity of some religion with a recommended allowance of faith based expectations, frequently appearing as a legitimate substance. Corresponding to the film, the lawful element would be Maria. This is on the grounds that the laborers are fixated on Maria with practically submissive commitment. Hel, a robot that looks like and replaces Maria, begins starting brutality in the laborers. The laborers tune in to Hel’s progressive discusses revolting and follow its bearings. The subjugated dedication creates scene and flood before the laborers understand that Hel was absolutely and totally off-base. This is against composed religion since it is stating that total confidence in a certain something or individual isn't right. City is a film that has numerous ramifications about goals. Four primary standards introduced in the film were Marxism, free enterprise/Industrialism, and sorted out religion. Taking everything into account, Marxism is bolstered in the film, private enterprise isn't upheld in the film, Industrialism is in part bolstered in the film, and composed religion isn't bolstered in the film.

Types of Anxiety That College Students Often Experience

Types of Anxiety That College Students Often Experience GAD Coping Print Common Types of Anxiety Disorders College Students Experience By William Meek Reviewed by Reviewed by Amy Morin, LCSW on January 23, 2020 facebook twitter instagram Amy Morin, LCSW, is a psychotherapist, author of the bestselling book 13 Things Mentally Strong People Dont Do, and a highly sought-after speaker. Learn about our Wellness Board Amy Morin, LCSW Updated on February 15, 2020 Generalized Anxiety Disorder Overview Symptoms & Diagnosis Causes Treatment Living With In Children PeopleImages/ Getty Images If youre getting ready to graduate high school, going to college for the first time, or just returning after a holiday break, college life can make your generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) worse.?? The stress and changes from moving into your dorm room, entering new classes for the first time, or even leaving your parents home can be stressful and difficult. The following is a brief overview of some common issues college students with and without GAD face along with tips to help manage your anxiety while at school. Anticipatory Anxiety One type of anxiety that is common for all people but can be more pronounced and uncomfortable for people with generalized anxiety disorder  is anticipatory anxiety.?? This is a type of anxiety that occurs leading up to a predicted event or occurrence. You can get anticipatory anxiety anytime you are waiting for things, ranging from something as simple as a phone call to something more important like your wedding day. College is a new and exciting milestone so its common to have anticipatory anxiety in the weeks before heading off to campus. So what can you do to cope with anticipatory anxiety? One common suggestion for anticipatory anxiety is to simply try and enjoy it. Many people say they feel “alive” when waiting for something, and if you can shift your mindset away from one that is trying to escape or get a situation over with, you may enjoy this sensation rather than try to end it. But anticipatory anxiety can be much more serious if you have GAD. ??For some, it can be crippling, preventing you from preparing for school appropriately or even making you consider not going to school at all. If your anxiety has gotten so bad that it is interfering with your plans and your life, talk to your parents and your doctor about getting help through therapy or medication. Coping With Anticipatory Anxiety Separation Anxiety Another form of anxiety that can be associated with college is separation anxiety.?? Teens who are leaving home can struggle with the anxiety of being on their own for the first time. This anxiety often occurs within the first few weeks to months of going off to college. Many people will cope by calling or visiting home frequently while others face homesickness. Homesickness is a natural developmental process that can be helped by having regular and warm conversations with family and friends who can give you support. Most students will overcome these feelings once they can connect with their campus and other students, but there are some students who may not be socially or emotionally ready to make the leap. If you feel that you cannot go away from home, therapy is one option, but going to a school locally is another valid approach. You can still get a valuable education but remain at home while you undergo treatment for GAD. Social Anxiety Teens with social anxiety can have a challenging time in college. After all, much of campus life is socialâ€"from participating in class to initiating friendships or romantic relationships to approaching your professors. Many students with social anxiety seek professional help from a mental health professional (on or off-campus), and you can also do additional things on your own while receiving treatment. For example, if you are worried about an upcoming class presentation, try to choose a topic that you are really passionate about. Fostering passion will make it much easier to share your knowledge with the class. Or, if youre having anxiety about making friends, approach someone who also seems shy or anxious so the interaction is less intimidating. How to Overcome Social Anxiety at College Test Anxiety Bad study habits, poor past test performance, unrealistic expectations, and underlying anxiety problems can all contribute to test anxiety, which can take a major toll on your academic success.?? In addition to talking to your professor and/or student counselor about test anxiety, there are some ways to help you stay calm and focused come exam time. Techniques can include making sure youre prepared, getting enough rest, taking deep breaths when you begin to feel anxious, and doing your best to push away any negative thoughts. Test Anxiety Symptoms, Causes, and Treatments Anxiety Over Peer Pressure Peer pressure in college can be tough to deal with, whether its pressure to drink, use drugs, have sex, or just fit in. Many students are anxious about the college party experience, for example, and the ability to make the right decisions without the guidance of parents or caregivers. One way to avoid peer pressure is to get involved in clubs or organizations or sports, which can help you meet like-minded peers and may minimize the need for social acceptance from others. A Word From Verywell While developing coping strategies that can help you manage your anxiety is a great first step, you dont have to through it alone. Most colleges and universities have some form of a counseling center on campus that can help with feelings of anxiety, whether you have been diagnosed with GAD or not. If youre feeling particularly anxious, consider making an appointment with a college counselor or joining an online anxiety support group. For people with GAD, seeking outside help can be especially important  since that continued support can make the difference between a pleasant and turbulent college experience. The 9 Best Online Therapy Programs

Nathaniel Hawthorne s The Scarlet Letter - 1230 Words

Nathaniel Hawthorne is an American novelist, who writes and focuses on sin, punishment, and atonement. However, he mainly focuses on the Puritan legacy. Hawthorne was born on July 4, 1804 in Salem, Massachusetts. From 1825-1837, Hawthorne perfected his writing and spent this time to help generate ideas for his novels and poems. One of the most well known novels by Nathaniel Hawthorne is â€Å"The Scarlet Letter.† The Scarlet Letter helped Hawthorne’s career to become one of the most successful of his time. The Scarlet Letter contained passion and strength that all of his other works lacked. However, before his death Hawthorne released one more novel and a collection of articles, â€Å"The Marble Faun and Our Old Home.† On May 18, while on a journey to Plymouth, New Hampshire with his dear friend Franklin Pierce, Hawthorne died in his sleep. Bloom once said about Hawthorne, â€Å"He was a beautiful, natural, original genius.† (Bloom, Nathaniel Hawthorne as a short story writer, 1). Hawthorne left behind a legacy of imagination and perception in the world of Literature. (Bloom, 1) When, you hear the name Nathaniel Hawthorne. What comes to mind? Most people would say he wrote, â€Å"The Scarlet Letter.† While, others might say, he has a distinct way of writing his novels such as using things such as emblems in all of his novels. Nathaniel Hawthorne had a wide imagination. Hawthorne isn’t much like other poets or novelists of his time. He had a certain uniqueness to his stories that otherShow MoreRelatedNathaniel Hawthorne s The Scarlet Letter1187 Words   |  5 PagesPuritanism in Red Nathaniel Hawthorne’s The Scarlet Letter shows the early view of Puritanism by concentrating on sin, guilt, and its effects on society. Nathaniel Hawthorne conveyed a dark and romantic style of writing in â€Å"The Scarlet Letter†, impacting the society by focusing on the concepts of romanticism. The Scarlet Letter is considered a classic book and is still read today. Nathaniel Hathorne was born in Salem, Massachusetts on July 4, 1804. He was the son of Nathaniel and Elizabeth ClarkRead MoreNathaniel Hawthorne s The Scarlet Letter1631 Words   |  7 PagesNathaniel Hawthorne’s personal isolation originated in his early childhood and later developed the theme for his most renowned literary novel, The Scarlet Letter. In The Scarlet Letter, Nathaniel Hawthorne emphasized the impact that societal isolation can have on individuals. Several of the victims inflicted with isolation throughout the novel were ultimately met with their inevitable downfalls. One particular character, Hester Prynne, was selected to undergo a struggle comparable to Hawthorne’sRead MoreNathaniel Hawthorne s The Scarlet Letter1896 Words   |  8 PagesIn a surface examination of the work of Nathaniel Hawthorne, it is quickly evident that no good things come from the wilderness. Therein, the wilderness is often associated with the savages and the devil. In his wor k The Scarlet Letter, Hester Prynne finds herself exiled by society for having an adulterous affair with the town reverend which brought forth the child known as Pearl. Pearl is quickly established as the child of the wilderness: wild, capricious, and thought by the town to be a demon-childRead MoreNathaniel Hawthorne s The Scarlet Letter1944 Words   |  8 PagesNathaniel Hawthorne adds a satirical twist throughout his novel The Scarlet Letter which manifests his perception of the Puritanism. The novel portrays the strictness and impact of Puritanism on human lives. Hawthorne’s usage of Puritan characters and outcasts also demonstrate Hawthorne’s position on Puritanism. Throughout Hawthorne’s novel, all of the characters in this novel represent strong Puritan belief, Puritan lifestyle, strong resistance to Puritanism, and satirical Puritan lifestyles. HawthorneRead MoreNathaniel Hawthorne s The Scarlet Letter869 Words   |  4 Pagesview of human life. The mo st famous Dark Romantic writer, Nathaniel Hawthorne, emphasizes human proneness to sin and self-destruction, uses symbols that are considered dark, and believes that evil can overtake good. In The Scarlet Letter, Nathaniel Hawthorne employs elements of Romanticism and symbolism to communicate the idea that sin and guilt have psychological effects which can turn into physical and mental manifestations. Hawthorne utilizes the romantic element of the focus on the individualRead MoreNathaniel Hawthorne s The Scarlet Letter1193 Words   |  5 PagesThe Scarlet Letter, is most often referred to as Nathaniel Hawthorne’s best work. It gives a detailed image of life in a Puritan society. The heroine of the book-Hester Prynne, defies power, and rebels against colonial rule. Laws composed of religious convictions and individual beliefs. Through Hester’s action, you can depict a feminist consciousness. She differs from traditional colonial woman who s sole purpose it to be obedient, despite the unfair rules carried out by puritan men. Hester representsRead MoreNathaniel Hawthorne s The Scarlet Letter1850 Words   |  8 PagesShe s an archetype. She is Eve. She s Juno. She the good woman gone bad. She is Hester Prynne. As part of NPR s series, In Character, my colleague, Andrea Seabrook, shows how this Puritan woman is still very much alive today. ANDREA SEABROOK: Hester Prynne is the protagonist of Nathaniel Hawthorne s magnum opus The Scarlet Letter. Any serious literary scholar will tell you that she is one of the first strong women in American literature and is still among the most important. She s veiled(ph)Read MoreNathaniel Hawthorne s The Scarlet Letter2106 Words   |  9 Pagespeople of other religions. Because they â€Å"deeply and fervently believed that they were doing the work of God†, Puritans often punished and shunned those who did not follow their rules or share their same views (Collier 62). In Nathaniel Hawthorne’s The Scarlet Letter, Hawthorne presents these popular ideas and truths about the Puritan way of living in a symbolic story of submissive defiance. He creates a strong feminist that contradicts the majority of the Puritan views on feminism. This rebelliousRead MoreNathaniel Hawthorne s The Scarlet Letter2174 Words   |  9 PagesChildren encompass parents’ lives from the day t hey are born into this world, often altering their plans for the future and their desired outcomes for life. In Nathaniel Hawthorne’s The Scarlet Letter, the most seemingly complex and misinterpreted of characters is Pearl, the illegitimate daughter of Hester Prynne and Reverend Arthur Dimmesdale. The deviations in Pearl’s temperament, conduct, and character in the progression of the plot are a guide to the varying moral statuses of Hester and DimmesdaleRead MoreAnalysis Of Nathaniel Hawthorne s The Scarlet Letter 1606 Words   |  7 PagesMarin Fallon Mrs. Janosy English 2H 23 November 2015 Sin in the The Scarlet Letter The story of The Scarlet Letter by Nathaniel Hawthorne is one with many twists and turns. A young woman moves to Boston, Massachusetts while her husband takes care of affairs in England. After two years pass she secretly has an affair with the Reverend Arthur Dimmesdale. When she becomes pregnant and gives birth to her daughter Pearl, the town punishes her for committing the act of adultery. She is sentenced to stand

John Keat s Line, Beauty Is Truth, Truth Beauty - 1568 Words

When it comes to media humanity and society mass consume, things that could also be considered artistic like movies, music, books, and so on, media seems to like the message that truth is†¦ solid. That truth is, in a way other things are not. That truth is concrete and that if we work and search, we will find the truth and all our questions will be answered. More ‘artsy’ art, things like paintings, poetry, sculptures, music, and such, seem to very much disagree. Truth becomes an almost illusory concept, searched for, aspired to, but never fully grasped. I believe John Keat’s line â€Å"Beauty is truth, truth beauty† echoes this notion. By linking the concept of truth with a concept that seems different to every person in existence and the†¦show more content†¦Some of the first thoughts of art, and its use or place in society, was through Plato’s presentation of Socrates in various dialogues. In such, he believed Art isn’t needed. Even more so, Art is detrimental. It has no place in the ordered society because it incites views and thoughts that aren’t philosophical or rational at all, but also because all art does is show copies of the world around us, which is itself only a copy of the Forms. We don’t see the truth around us, we don’t even see reality. Art, then, could never give us the truth because we have no earthly idea what that is. We have no sense perception of what truth is, and never can. Beauty seems to have no place in a logic oriented society either, especially as something that could inspire emotions in people, instead of letting them focus on philosophy. (Wartenberg 13) Almost 2,000 years later, David Hume asks if there are any sorts of standards we could use to decide if a work of art is good or bad. No matter what those in the past may have believed best, art stuck around and grew into an almost living thing that no one knew quite what to do with. Was it entertainment? D id it have value? How could we judge that value, when no one seems able to agree on how they feel about any specific piece in the first place? Hume saw the strange contradiction in how a majority of people could somehow agree on oneShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of The Poem Ode On A Grecian Urn 866 Words   |  4 PagesIn the year of 1819, John Keats, the last of the Romantic poets, was diagnosed with tuberculosis, which he contracted from attempting to nurse his brother back to heath. Alongside the knowledge that his death was surely upon him, Keats published his most distinguished works in that same year. â€Å"Ode to a Grecian Urn† was one of five Odes Keats wrote. In this poem, John Keats uses his theory of negative capability to embody his attitude towards the Grecian Urn, thus further explaining the poet’s universalRead MoreAnalysis Of John Keats1078 Words   |  5 PagesThe Different Perspective (A Discussion on messages in John Keats poems.) John Keats was a poet in the 1800’s who was way ahead of his time. Keats left his indelible mark on literature. Even though Keats lived a hard, short life, it never stopped him from writing good literature. â€Å"He had no advantages of birth, wealth or education; he lost his parents in childhood, watched one brother die of tuberculosis and the other emigrate to America. Poverty kept him from marrying the woman he loved. And heRead MoreHow Does Keats Express His Aesthetic Vision in ‘Ode on a Grecian Urn’?1542 Words   |  7 PagesHow does Keats express his aesthetic vision in ‘Ode on a Grecian Urn’? John Keats once said regarding Lord Byron that â€Å"he (Byron) describes what he sees, I describe what I imagine†. Keats is a typically Romantic poet in the way in which he uses the fluid boundaries of imagination within his poem to formulate his aesthetic vision which is projected in ‘Ode on a Grecian Urn’. Pope notes that the etymology of ‘aesthetics’ derives from the Greek meaning ‘things perceptible to the sense’ and ‘sensoryRead MoreA Classical View Of The Romantic Movement1877 Words   |  8 PagesHypothesis: John Keats’ Odes were heavily influence by Classical ideologies which related to the wider philosophy of the Romantic Movement. This essay will apply a Classical perspective to John Keats’ Odes. I will examine how John Keats was inspired by the ideologies of the Greeks and Roman mythology. John Keats based his Odes on Roman myths and Greek artefacts; he used these to explore wider themes that relate to Greek Philosophy. This essay will show how Keats related the wider philosophy of theRead More Truth in Keats Ode on a Grecian Urn and Cummings since feeling is first1808 Words   |  8 PagesTruth in Keats Ode on a Grecian Urn and Cummings since feeling is first Truth remains a mysterious essential: sought out, created, and destroyed in countless metaphysical arguments through time. Whether argued as being absolute or relative, universal or personal, no thought is perceived or conceived without an assessment of its truth. In John Keats Ode on a Grecian Urn and E.E. Cummings since feeling is first the concern is not specifically the truth of a thought, but rather, the generalRead MoreThree Texts That Describe Transcendence Is John Donne â€Å"Batter1508 Words   |  7 Pagestranscendence is John Donne â€Å"Batter My Heart† for its transcendence in the ways of perfection through religion. The knowledge-based transcendence of Shelley’s Hymn to Intellectual Beauty. And the sweet Keats idea of transcending past time through the arts. In this text, Donne character is a man who wants the Christian God to transform him. Donne narrator wants God to beat him till he’s worthy in the eyes of God figure, â€Å"You’re force to break blow burn and make me new.†(Donne line 4). Donne wantsRead MoreEssay on Ode on a Grecian Urn by John Keats1525 Words   |  7 PagesOde on a Grecian Urn by John Keats Summary In the first stanza, the speaker, standing before an ancient Grecian urn, addresses the urn, preoccupied with its depiction of pictures frozen in time. It is the still unravishd bride of quietness, the foster-child of silence and slow time. He also describes the urn as a historian, which can tell a story. He wonders about the figures on the side of the urn, and asks what legend they depict, and where they are fromRead MoreAnalysis Of To Autumn By John Keats1939 Words   |  8 PagesThe years between 1818 and 1821 mark the final stages of John Keats’ life. Those last few years were tumultuous for Keats. Family deaths, poverty, and a doomed romantic interest were things that contributed to his anxieties. However, those years also proved to be some of Keats most inspirational. It was a combination of these inspirations and anxieties that would lead to some of his greatest works. In that short period of time, he produced masterpiece after masterpiece: â€Å"The Eve of Saint Agnes†Read MoreThe Greatest Literary Ideas : John Keats1860 Words   |  8 PagesJohn Keats presented one of the greatest literary ideas, negative capability, in the most casual way possible – a few loose lines in a personal letter to his brothers in 1817: â€Å"The excellence of every art is its intensity, capable of making all disagreeable evaporate, from their being in close relationship with beauty and truth†¦I had not dispute but a disquisition with Dilke, on various subjects. Several things dovetailed in my mind, and at once it struck me what quality went to form a man of achievementRead MoreHSC English Essay - Belonging1392 Words   |  6 PagesEmily Dickinson’s poems I Died for Beauty; I had been Hungry all these Years and This is my Letter to the World, David Grossman’s reflective essay Writing in the Dark and Jason Reitman’s film Up in the Air. All three composers highlight the impracticality of humanity’s innate desire for belonging whereby those who attempt to force a sense of connection, ultimately lose a part of their nature. In I Died for Beauty, Dickinson explores the values of ‘truth’ and ‘beauty’ as a barrier in one’s quest for

Civil War Myths vs Facts Free Essays

There has always been a number of circulating myths about the American Civil War. We need to dig deep and find out if these myths are true. Did the South HATE black people? Did Robert E. We will write a custom essay sample on Civil War: Myths vs Facts or any similar topic only for you Order Now Lee hate America? Was the civil war all about slavery? Did the South start the civil war? All of these myths are to be revealed. Supposedly the Southern people were the only Americans that enslaved black people. They tortured, beat, and starved them. According to research, a slave in today’s modern world, would cost anywhere from $100,000-$200,000. Why would a slave owner waste that much money and something they would treat as a rag doll? In many cases slaves were treated as part of the family. The North also had slaves, not just the South. In the North, everything was supposedly free and had choices. The North technically did not own slaves, but they were people in the North that owed them things. These people were called indentured servants. These indentured servants were not all of African race either. They were to be released over a stated time. This myth came to be because basically whichever side won the war; they would blame the opposing side. Was Robert E. Lee a horrible man? Did he hate American with a passion? The answer to this is false. Robert E. Lee did not ever even own a single slave. He was very strong in his passion with the Confederate States of America. He lived in the state of Virginia and said he would never leave them in any hard times. In saying this, he joined the South in the American Civil War. He loved America, but did not like the injustice the South was being shown. His home of Arlington was turned into a war cemetery. Present day, it is known as Arlington National Cemetery. This was initially a cemetery for Union Soldiers. How could the entire war be about slavery? The war lasted 5 years, 1861-1865. The Emancipation Proclamation was put into effect in 1863. What could the war have been about for the last two years? The Civil War was fought because of Northern oppression. The South began to go bankrupt because the North was taxing the South very heavily, and the South was not as industrialized as the North. Slavery was an issue, but because the South was not industrialized. The South was just using what they had for resources. The slaves were their resources. There has been a myth that says that the South started the war. This is actually somewhat true, but not totally true. The South decided that it did not want be part of the United States of American anymore. It simply seceded. The North still had some forts located in the South though. Fort Sumter most notably was attacked by Southern soldiers because the South felt threatened by what could have been dangerous people from the North. The South was forced into battle because the North had sent a transport ship of supplies. The South defended itself because it had to protect itself from the transport ships and the Northern soldiers at Fort Sumter. The truth about all of these myths is revealed not by proof of Northern history, or Southern history, but of American History. Just because the North won, does not mean everything that they write and publish is true. There are many newspapers, letters, and diaries depicting significant events that reveal the truths of many other myths as well. The truth of these myths comes from the history that actually happened. How to cite Civil War: Myths vs Facts, Essay examples

Hrm Dsdvsd free essay sample

The process of Case-Based Reasoning (CB) is to find a case that is similar to the rent situation, modify the solution to FLT the current situation and then to store the case in the case-base. These processes can be carried out using the program Caspian. The purpose of this section is to describe the language used in the case file for specifying cases (CALLS), and to describe how Caspian uses this information to create the case-base. You create a case base In CALLS using your favorite editor and then load It Into Caspian. Caspian checks that It Is a legal CALLS program as It loads It In (see the Caspian document for more details of error messages). 2. General Structure of a Case In CALLS, a case is similar too record in a database. The basic unit is a field which may contain a string, a number, an enumeration symbol or a list. A list item may be any of the four basic types. There are a number of differences between a CALLS case and an ordinary database record: 1) There are two groups of fields in a case. The first group describes the situation and the nature of the problem. The second group describes the solution to the problem. ) It is possible for a field to be omitted. This Is only true for those fields which are not used for Indexing (see below). Both field lists must contain at least one field. The problem section must use at least one field as an Index. 3) Each case has a value known as the result. This can be the value SUCCESS, or the value FAILURE, or a value between ;5 and 5. 4) A case has a name associated with it. Enumeration fields defined in the problem section of a case may be used as indexes. General Syntax of the case file The case file consists of a number of blocks of code.The overall syntax is: Introduction Case Definition Index Definition [Modification Definition] [Repair Rule Definition] Case Instance {Case Instance) CALLS description document FL . 3 O UH Abernathy, February 1995 The Introduction block contains introductory text which gets displayed when the program Caspian has finished checking the case file. The Case Definition defines the types and the weights of the fields that may appear in a case. The information in the Case Definition is used for typecasting input cases while the weights are used to aid the case-matching process (described below). The Index Definition defines the fields used as indexes when searching for a matching case. A case base should have at least one field used as an index. The type of an index field must be an enumerated type. The Modification definition defines the modification rules. The purpose of the modification definition is twofold: 1) It provides a means of specifying that certain symbols or numbers are similar, for matching purposes. 2) It provides a means of specifying symbols as abstractions of others. This is useful for making the search more general or for defining generalizes cases. The Repair Rule definition contains the repair rules. The repair rules are used to modify the solution retrieved from the case-base, to make it more suitable for the current tuition. Both the Modification definition and the Repair rule definition may be omitted, but a completed system should contain both, if the system is to be a true CB system. The last set of blocks are the case instances. These are the cases that make up the case base. The case file must contain at least one case instance and will need to be seeded with many cases initially to be of any use. A description of the case matching process is given in section 9. . The Introduction Section The Introduction block defines introductory text which is displayed when Caspian is run. The purpose of the text is to help the user understand the purpose of the casabas. The syntax definition is: Introduction = INTRODUCTION IS intro-text END intro-text = string { , string } Within the strings themselves, is used to represent the inline character and t is used to represent tab. This is not true of strings used elsewhere in the case file. 2 4. The Case Definition This is the definition of the syntax of the case definition block. Keywords are given in case-Definition = CASE DEFINITION IS field-definitions SOLUTION DEFINITION IS field-definitions END lied-definitions = fielded {fielded} fielded = FIELD filename TYPE IS filleted [WEIGHT IS positive] ; filleted STRING I NUMBER I LIST I enumeration enumeration = ( symbol { , symbol } The symbols filename and symbol are identifiers. The symbol positive is a positive number. The purpose of the case definition block is to define the fields contained in a case. It consists of a series of field definitions each of which defines the name, type and optionally the weight of each field.The fields defined in the first field definition list are known as the problem fields. The Leeds defined in the section field definition list are known as the solution fields. In a acquaintance a field may only appear in the section for which it was defined. The weight value is used in matching cases. The larger the weight, the more important the field is. If the weight is not included in the field definition, the default value of one is assumed as the weight for the field. The case definition is used to perform type-checking on the cases and user input to Caspian. 5.The Index Definition The syntax of the index definition block is as follows: Index-Definition = INDEX DEFINITION IS indexes END indexers = indexed {indexed} indexed = INDEX ON filename The filename symbol is an identifier denoting the name of a field which must be an enumerated type. The purpose of the index definition is to define which fields are to be used as indexes. This information is used by Caspian to generate an index structure to improve the search. Further information on indexes is given in the section on the modification rules. A field should be indexed only if the feature it represents is very important.Indexing on an appropriate field helps to ensure that the retrieved cases re in the right ball-park. There should be no need to use a weight on an indexed field. Experience of using indexes shows that they are rather less useful than had been expected. They are intended to prune the matching process so that many cases are rejected early and a lot of work is saved. Unless you have a very large case base, then you might as well match on all fields. Dont have more than one or two indexes. 3 The modification definition consists of a list of definitions known as the modification rules.The term modification rule is used slightly differently here in that the concern s with defining certain values to be similar, thus guiding the matching process, rather than performing modifications to the retrieved solution. The syntax of the Modification Definition is as follows: Modification-Definition = MODIFICATION DEFINITION IS modes END modes mode {mode} mode= modularize I numberless modularize = FIELD filename ABSTRACTION symbol IS enumeration numberless = FIELD filename SIMILAR RANGE number TO number ; There are two types of modification rule: 1) Rules on fields which are enumerated types.These have a dual function. First, the humbly after the keyword ABSTRACTION is considered to be an abstraction of the symbols in the following enumeration list. This serves two purposes: a) When matching cases, if the user enters an abstraction symbol, the case matcher will match with the abstraction symbol or any of the symbols in the following enumeration list. B) In a similar fashion, when examining an enumeration value to activate a repair rule, using an abstraction will cause a match with the abstraction symbol or any of the symbols in the enumeration list.Second, when cases are being matched using the weights (see case matching, below) ND two enumeration values are being compared, if neither symbol is used elsewhere as an abstraction and both symbols are in the the same enumeration list within a modification rule, then the symbols are defined to be similar. The result of comparing two symbols and finding them to be similar will cause the case matcher to return a weight for that field equal to three-quarters of the fields full weight. ) Rules on fields which are numbers. The purpose of these rules is to define ranges over which numbers are considered similar. If two number fields have values which are both contained in a range defined by a edification rule, then the numbers are similar and this will cause the case matcher to return a weight value equal to three-quarters of the fields full weight. 7.

12 Free Fonts to Elevate Your Content Marketing

While creating and marketing content, it’s easy to get stuck in a rut and constantly use the same font. It’s good to have a consistent style for the main body of content across your website or blog, but it doesn’t hurt to inject some personality from time to time. Using a different font is one quick way to do this, and it doesn’t have to cost you anything but a little time and creativity. The Benefits of Using Different Fonts Using new fonts for small sections of your content can help communicate your message more clearly and directly. Interesting fonts also look good on the page, bring a sense of fun to your brand, and draw readers into your web page content. There are thousands of sites offering fonts for download, but many have a price. If you look carefully though, sites like 1001 fonts, Fontspace, 128bittech and others have assorted free fonts to use. Adding a striking font to an image can emphasize your message, and using them in headlines is a great way to attract attention. However you choose to use them, get your creative juices flowing and elevate your content marketing with the following 12 free fonts. You’ll find the links to them below. Orbitron This futuristic font is great for when the theme of your content is forward-looking. You’ll see this type of font in movies like Blade Runner, Back to the Future, and Star Trek. Use it to give your content a modern feel. Blackout This design came from a designer filling in sans-serif newspaper headlines. It’s a nice bold font for when you want to make one word stand out on the page. It’s unique, mysterious, and a little dark. Sniglet This is a childlike font, perfect for when you need to communicate simplicity or innocence. It’s rounded edges and chunky characters are friendly and fun. Scriptina A brush-type font that is elegant and romantic. This is great for when you want your content to have a classical, handwritten feel. It’s not easy to read in long sentences, but it makes headlines look classy. Ninja Naruto Based on the logo of the famous anime series Naruto, this character set is fun and playful and is probably best used on occasions when you’re not being too serious. Earwig Factory This is in the style of a ransom note, so it stands out well on the page and it’s a good way to attract attention to headlines. CSNPWDT NFI The title of this font comes from â€Å"Children Should Not Play With Dead Things,† so you won’t be surprised that it’s inspired by horror and literally dripping with blood. Punk Kid Looking like something a graffiti artist might create, the letters look like they’ve been spray stencilled in a hurry. Jo Wrote a Love Song These letters look like they’ve been scratched out on a piece of wood. It’s a messy font, but it’s artistic and it could be perfect for a quirky headline. Dotty It’s a little harder to read this font as it uses a series of dots to form each character, but this can actually attract more attention to headlines. Action Jackson With comic book-style 3D letters that are rotated at different angles, this is a fun font that looks great on the page and will get your content noticed. Nervous Another slightly harder to read font with blurred edges, like words in a warp drive. It makes you dizzy, but it would work well for some headlines. Remember that sometimes you may need to contact the particular author of a font to use it for commercial purposes. If you’re unsure, the best thing to do is contact the creator and request permission. Sometimes you can use fonts personally and commercially, as long as you credit the designer. Before you next hit publish, consider using some of these fonts to uplift your original content and get your marketing noticed for all the right reasons.

Dawn by Elie Wiesel essays

Dawn by Elie Wiesel essays The book I read for my book review was Dawn, bye Elie Wiesel. This story represents the post WWII struggle of the Israeli freedom fighters one young man in particular, who has found himself on the other side of the gun. Wiesel himself severed his time in the death camps at Auschwitz and Buchenwald during the War, and had previously written Night, the memoirs of his experiences. The purpose of this book, in my mind, was to express the inner most thoughts and the anguish of Elisha. Elisha is 18 years old. He was recruited by a gentleman named Gad, who turned him into a fighter. He has killed before for their cause, but only in groups never alone. ... Our bullets were a flaming wall on which their lives were shattered... My five comrades and I set out to either kill or to be killed. Pg28. But now, Elisha wasnt in a group. He had been ordered to execute an English officer, John Dawson, as to compensate for the British capturing David ben Moshe, one of their own. In tradition, executions always took place at dawn in their culture; usually around 5AM. Elisha has less than twelve hours before he will be labeled as a murderer for the rest of his life. Hes having a difficult time coming to the reality that he is going to have to kill a man on his own. I should forget this night. But the dead never forget... In their eyes I should be forever branded a killer. Pg69. Of course, then again, if anyone were put into that position having to kill a man, who has done nothing wrong except be born of English blood I think they would be having some serious issues with themselves as well. In the Jewish tradition, there is a lot of focus on and towards nighttime. Night is a very important in that Night is purer than day; it is better for thinking and loving and dreaming. At night everything is more intense, more true. The echo of words that have been spoken during the day ta...

Relations and migration of Janis Joplin Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Relations and migration of Janis Joplin - Essay Example Janis Joplin went back to Texas and specifically in Port Arthur. It helped to change her lifestyle. She stopped drinking and also tried to avoid drug consumption. While, in Texas, she enrolled into Lamar University near Beaumont, Texas. In Lamar University, she was in a relationship with a man but she did not get married because the man terminated their marriage plans later. Janis Joplin agreed on a deal with Big Brother in 1966. She joined the group that by now was led by Chet Helms. Chet Helms was a promoter who meet her in Texas, but by then was managing Big brother. On June 4, 1966, she joined Big brother and was brought back to San Francisco by Chet Helms. At big brother, she made her first public performance was in San Francisco. She later went back to drugs. Stephen Ryder a friend and a keyboardist persuaded her to stop using drugs. Janis Joplin successfully managed to quit drugs once again. She then joined the band and she persuaded Dave Getz that the use of needles would not allow whenever they rehearsed. Also, they had agreed that band members would not use needles in their homes whenever she visited them. She had taken a step forward from drugs. (Johnson 5)Afterward, all the bandmates settled in Lagunitas in California. It is where the five bandmates lived communally. Janis Joplin had a relationship with the founding member of Ron McKernan, however, they remained friends afterward. On August 23, 1966, the group made an agreement with Independent Label Mainstream records.

Personal Statement for Bioinformatics Graduate Program

For Bioinformatics Graduate Program - Personal Statement Example At High School, my plans for the future centered on my becoming a practicing doctor, with the skill of healing patients. I must admit that I had to overcome the disadvantage of a relatively weak foundation in Science, as a result of my Middle School curriculum in China, which did not include Biology. The language barrier also proved difficult to break during the initial years of my arrival in the USA, and my focus then was on mastering English and Mathematics, and understanding American culture. The scientific terms in Biology were difficult to come to grips with! However, my determination to enter the field of Medicine kept me going. The same determination is now my tool in my effort to overcome any shortcomings in my academic career. I am very aware that my GRE writing score of 3 could have been higher, and am determined to identify and address this through repeated practice of writing skills. A career in medicine continued to be my goal as I stood on the threshold of my freshman y ear at the University of California, Davis. However, the first Molecular Cellular Biology class I attended at the UC Davis, discussing gene therapy, proved to be a revelation to me: I had discovered the interest of my life! I was fascinated by the intricacies and application of genetics: especially in the area of finding epigenetic information. Here was a new front in the battle against chronic disease. As I continued to take additional technical electives in Molecular Biology, Microbiology, and Biotechnology, I came to realize that genetics is one of the most powerful tools available to humanity in the field of medicine. Gene association studies and single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) detection can be used in disease prediction, thus potentially preventing disease formation. Genetics is the cutting-edge of health-care research and personalized medicine. The next step in my academic evolution was my realization of the power of technology. As the only child of immigrant parents who were focused on earning a living, the computer has been a good friend of mine, right from the age of twelve, when I moved to the USA. While working as a Laboratory Assistant at the Immunology and Histology Lab of UC Davis Veterinary School in 2009-2010, I became deeply aware of the vast amount of medical information stored and retrieved by accessing a database. This personal experience of the power and efficacy of computers impressed on me the importance of technology as a tool in research. I discovered that the hands-on processing of data gives me immense satisfaction. Gradually, my earlier interest in science and research shifted focus from the traditional bench sitting to a computer oriented approach. Therefore, in my junior year of college, I declared my major as Biotechnology, with a Bioinformatics option that combined my interests in both technology/informatics and biology/genetics. The Applied Bioinformatics course I took in the fall of 2010 confirmed that my special interest lay in the field of bioinformatics and its application in genetic/genomic studies. Craving further practical experience in this field, I opted for internships at different laboratories: Theg Lab, UC Davis; Molecular Anthropology Laboratory, UC Davis; Dubcovsky Wheat Genetic Lab, UC Davis;

effects, uses and benefits of coffee

effects, uses and benefits of coffee INTRODUCTION : Coffee is one of the most popular beverages in the world and it is the second most traded physical commodity worldwide, ranking second only to petroleum. There are two main types of coffee beans which are Arabica and Robusta. These two types of coffee beans make up over 90% of coffee beans sold worldwide.   Arabica typically produce higher quality coffees, while Robusta are more economically favourable for their hardiness to thrive. From the beans, it can be turn out to many types of coffee drinks such as cappuccino, latte, espresso, mocha and others. The taste of the coffee that is simply delightful of course makes it as one of the reasons why people love to drink coffee. In Seremban, Malaysia (my current location), there are so many coffee shops such as Starbucks, Old Town White Coffee, etc. The fact that why I chose coffee to be my experiment is because there are so many waste coffee being produced every day, whether from kitchen waste or from coffee shops. It is such a waste if the waste coffee is being thrown away just like that. The question in my mind about what can I do with these waste coffee had trigger me to do a research in internet and I found that many people use waste coffee grounds to be as fertilizer and they claim that the waste coffee grounds can stimulate the growth of plants. I admit that this knowledge is something new to me. Then, I make a further reading about coffee in the internet. It was said that coffee grounds can stimulate the growth of plants is because due to the nutrients that present in coffee grounds such as nitrogen, potassium, calcium etc which are the elements essential to plant growth. Not only that, coffee grounds also help plants by being a great slug deterrent because the presence of caffeine in coffee gives toxic effect on slugs and thus slugs will avoid eat plants that have coffee solution (high concentration of caffeine can kill the slugs). Another reason that makes coffee be as a good fertilizer is because the pH of the coffee that is acidic, which is in range between 3.0 and 5.0 that can help plants to grow better by reducing the pH of the soil (increase soil acidity) thus it is suitable to use on acid loving plants. Besides that, the presence of coffee grounds in the soil can attract worms to eat them. As we know, the presence of worms plays a vital role in soil and aids in the growth of plants such as help water flow through the soil, break down organic matter, produce castings that act as fertilizer and others. As been mentioned above, there are several reasons why people said waste coffee grounds are good for plants. But, there are also arguments that said coffee can retard the growth of plants because the presence of caffeine that makes the growth of the plant to slow down and make the plant tend to be small in size. So, it can be that the plants are growing slower because of the caffeine and it also can be a possibility that the benefits of coffee that I stated in paragraph before cause the plants to grow much faster and better. There is no definite answer regarding this. Thus, there are so many questions in my mind regarding this whether waste coffee grounds can help the plants to grow much better or not, and why. Is it because the nutrients present in the coffee, or the acidity of the coffee, or because coffee can attract worms and deter slugs? So, this doubt has leaded me to choose this topic to be as my Biology Extended Essay topic in IB programme. I would like to carry out an experiment to study the relationship between waste coffee grounds and its effects on plant. A research question has been constructed which is How do different concentrations of used coffee grounds which are 0 gram, 2 grams, 4 gram and 6 grams affect the growth of Coleus, Solenostemon scutellarioides sp in term of height, diameter and number of leaves?. To narrow the scope of the study, from the reasons why coffee is said can help to stimulate the growth of plants, I chose to eliminate the factor of slug deterrent and worms attraction by having this experiment conducted in my bedroom (near the window). So, the scope of study is whether the nutrients and acidity in the coffee affect the growth of the plants or not. As stated in the research question, the plant that will be used in my experiment is Solenostemon scutellarioides sp. and the type of coffe e to be used is arabica. The coffee used in this experiment: Coffea arabica Coffea arabica, also known as mountain coffee or arabica coffee, is a species of coffee from Rubiaceae family and it is native to the countries of Yemen and Ethiopia. Due to its quality, coffea arabica are said to be among the best coffee beans in the world and contains less caffeine compared to some other coffee plants such as robusta and liberica. A high quality coffee should consist of 100% arabica beans in order to produce a good taste and flavour. Thus, for my experiment, I will use waste coffee from McDonald because they use 100% arabica beans in their coffee drinks and plus, the location of McDonald is near to my hostel. The plant used in this experiment: Coleus, Solenostemon scutellarioides sp. Locally know as ati-ati, Coleus or scientifically known as Solenostemon scutellarioides sp is a species of perennial and a member of Lamiaceae family. Originally from Southeast Asia and Malaysia, Solenostemon scutellarioides sp is now grown over most of the world. This plant also known as painted leaf, painted nettle and flame nettle. Desired for their colourful foliage, Solenostemon scutellarioides sp has more than 300 cultivars in a huge variety of colours. The leaves of Solenostemon scutellarioides sp can exist in several colours such as green, yellow, red, maroon, pink, purple and almost every colour except for blue. Most leaves have two or more sharply contrasting colours. Solenostemon scutellarioides sp as is used widely in Malaysia as traditional medicine to cure headache, fever, cough etc. Coleus.  (2010). Retrieved August 07, 2010 from Margarets Garden: http://margaretsgarden.wordpress.com/à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¹2010/à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¹07/à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¹29/à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¹coleus/à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¹ Reasons for choosing Solenostemon scutellarioides sp for my experiment: Solenostemon scutellarioides sp is a beautiful plant, and I can say it is one of my favourite plants. Solenostemon scutellarioides sp is easy to get (since it is native to Malaysia) and easy to care because it needs low maintenance. Since Solenostemon scutellarioides sp can grow in partially shaded area where the sunlight is indirect, I can place them in my bedroom for this experiment. Solenostemon scutellarioides sp can grow fast and also resistant to most diseases and insects. From my reading in internet, there is no experiment has been done to study the effects of coffee on the growth of Solenostemon scutellarioides sp. The significance of this experiment: To find alternative to chemical fertilizers. To implement 3R (reduce, reuse, recycle) method on organic waste. To reduce the cost of planting. Limitations: Further investigation: According to statistic that had been announced by Ministry of Housing and Local Government Malaysia, each person in Malaysia produced at least 0.8 kg of waste every day, and 40% of the waste is organic waste which is from kitchen waste. For my experiment, I just use one of the organic wastes which is coffee to be tested on plants. So, my further investigation in the next time is to use other organic waste such as tea waste, animal bones (chicken, fish), fruit peels (mango, orange), animal exoskeletons (crab, prawn) and others. HYPOTHESIS : From my introduction, there are opinions that said coffee grounds can promote the growth of plants. It might be because of the use of used coffee grounds would add nutrients to the soil such as nitrogen, potassium, calcium and others. Coffee grounds also are said can increase the soil acidity due to the behaviour of the coffee that is acidic. Since Solenostemon scutellarioides sp best grows in slightly acidic or neutral soil, so I will use alkaline soil which pH in range between 7.5 and 8.5 so the coffee grounds can reduce the pH of the soil to neutral or slightly acidic soil. By using this assumption, a hypothesis is constructed which is the higher the concentration of waste coffee use the greater the growth of Solenostemon scutellarioides sp, with my prediction that Solenostemon scutellarioides sp that grow in pots that receive the highest concentration of used coffee grounds will show the most positive growth, meaning that the Solenostemon scutellarioides sp have the greatest increase in term of height, diameter and number of leaves compared to the other Solenostemon scutellarioides sp in the other groups. The reason is because the Solenostemon scutellarioides sp supposedly got the highest nutrients from the coffee grounds which are mainly nitrogen and potassium compared to the other Solenostemon scutellarioides sp in the other groups. APPARATUS AND MATERIALS : 12 small pots (height: 10cm, diameter: 14cm) metre ruler thread pH meter 50 cm3 beaker 10 litres of black soil 12 Coleus stems (Solenostemon scutellarioides sp) 2 kg used coffee grounds (coffea arabica) water spatula permanent marker pen electronic balance spade VARIABLES : Independent variable : weight (gram) of used coffee grounds which are 0 gram (no coffee grounds), 2 grams, 4 grams and 6 grams. Use different concentrations of used coffee grounds to add on to different pots of the Solenostemon scutellarioides sp. The concentrations are manipulated by using different weight of used coffee grounds in the unit of gram. Dependent variable : the growth of Solenostemon scutellarioides sp The growth of Solenostemon scutellarioides sp is indicating by the diameter of the stem, height and number of leaves of the Solenostemon scutellarioides sp. Height is measured from the ground to the highest part of the plant. Diameter is measured at the same part of the stem each time measurement is taken. That part is mark by using a permanent marker pen. Height and diameter are measured in the unit of centimetre by using thread and metre ruler. Constant variable : for all experiments, these things are need to be constant The type of plant used which is Coleus, Solenostemon scutellarioides sp The volume of water each time the Solenostemon scutellarioides sp is watered which is (30.0  ± 0.5) cm3 The time to water the plant which is at morning (8.00 am) and evening (5.30 pm) The type of soil used which is black soil. The type of coffee ground use which is arabica. The volume of soil per pot which is (6.0  ± 0.5) cm (height) of the pot. The size of the pot used which height is 10 cm and diameter is 14 cm. The quantity of Solenostemon scutellarioides sp stem per pot which is one. The location of the experiment which is at partially shaded place where the plant can get at least 6 hours of sunlight. For this experiment, the place will be in my room. The duration of the experiment which is 4 weeks. PARAMETERS : The following parameters are recorded throughout my experiment The height of the Solenostemon scutellarioides sp. The stems diameter of the Solenostemon scutellarioides sp. The number of leaves of the Solenostemon scutellarioides sp. The pH of the soil. PROCEDURE : Prepare four groups of pots. Each group has three pots. Name the groups as A, B, C and D. Labelled all the pots according to their group Group A Pot A1, A2 and A3 Group B Pot B1, B2 and B3 Group C Pot C1, C2 and C3 Group D Pot D1, D2 and D3 Measure the pH of the black soil that will be used by using a pH meter. Then fill each pot with the black soil until it reaches a height of 6 cm. For all pots, put a Solenostemon scutellarioides sp stem into the soil. Place all the pots at a partially shaded place where the Solenostemon scutellarioides sp can receive at least 6 hours of sunlight. (For this experiment, the place will be in my room) During week 1, water each of the Solenostemon scutellarioides sp with (30.0  ± 0.5) cm3 of water twice a day in the morning at 8.00 am and at the evening at 5.30 pm by using a 50cm3 beaker. At the end of week 1, measure the height of Solenostemon scutellarioides sp and diameter (in the unit of centimetre) by using thread and metre ruler. Starting from week 2, water all the plants as in step 5, but at time 5.30 pm, add together with the water For each pot in: Group A Controlled experiment. Add no coffee grounds. Group B Add 2 grams of used coffee grounds. Group C Add 4 grams of used coffee grounds. Group D Add 6 grams of used coffee grounds. For every week, measure the diameter of the stem, height and number of leaves of the Solenostemon scutellarioides sp in each pot. Repeat steps 6 and 7 until week 4. At the end of week 4, measure the pH of the soil in each pot. Record all the data in the table below. Note : * Dry the used coffee ground first before use it to prevent mould from growing on it. * For each of the Solenostemon scutellarioides sp, mark a point at the part of the stem that is (2.0  ± 0.5) cm above the ground for diameter measurement by using a permanent marker. Every diameter measurement will be taken at the part of the stem that has been marked. WEEK 1 : Group Pot Height / cm ( ±0.05) Diameter / cm ( ±0.05) Number of leaves Soil pH A A1 A2 A3 B B1 B2 B3 C C1 C2 C3 D D1 D2 D3 WEEK 2 : Group Pot Height / cm ( ±0.1) Diameter / cm ( ±0.1) Number of leaves Soil pH A A1 A2 A3 B B1 B2 B3 C C1 C2 C3 D D1 D2 D3 WEEK 3 : Group Pot Height / cm ( ±0.1) Diameter / cm ( ±0.1) Number of leaves Soil pH A A1 A2 A3 B B1 B2 B3 C C1 C2 C3 D D1 D2 D3 WEEK 4 : Group Pot Height / cm ( ±0.1) Diameter / cm ( ±0.1) Number of leaves Soil pH A A1 A2 A3 B B1 B2 B3 C C1 C2 C3 D D1 D2 D3 Changes in quantitative data from week 1 to week 4 : Group Pot Changes in height / cm ( ±0.1) Changes in diameter / cm ( ±0.1) Changes in number of leaves Changes in soil pH A A1 A2 A3 B B1 B2 B3 C C1 C2 C3 D D1 D2 D3

Aristotelian ethics Essay

Aristotelian ethics is focused on the search for happiness through virtue. Happiness functions as the chief and final end of man while virtue is a mediated state in between the irrational tendencies of man. The Aristotelian ethical system is primarily focused on the notion of virtue and value of the golden mean which focuses on practicality as a method of achieving happiness in opposition to self-realization. According to Aristotle, ethical knowledge is not precise compared to the study of mathematics or the sciences, but a practical discipline; that in order to be good or virtuous is not to quantify it as a study but to actually experience becoming good or virtuous. In the Nicomachean Ethics, Aristotle’s work breaks away from the reason-centered philosophies of his predecessors namely Plato and Aristotle concerning the reason-based pursuit of the highest form of good through an empirical and a goal-centered approach. The attainment of the ‘good’ is the foundation of Aristotelian ethical principles; ethics during the context of classical Greek philosophy is primarily concerned on living the ‘good’ life through the moderation of actions. This notion of good however is different from the hedonistic perspectives concerning the happiness. Hedonism centers its beliefs on pleasure as the purpose or final end of man while Aristotle’s ethics are primarily directed to the practice and experience of life through virtue and mediation. He argues that the rational and irrational tendencies of the soul such as aspirations, desires, wants, and needs, have an ultimate end. Happiness is the final end of such tendencies; however, the process in which happiness may be achieved may go against the dictates of the soul because of subjectivity. Contrary to Plato’s self-existing good, happiness is practical rather than an ideal; it can be attained in the sense that an individual must experience it. The highest form of good must be desirable in itself and not to function to some other self-serving purpose. For Aristotle, happiness is found in the everyday experiences of life and work that is unique to rationalistic human soul. The individual’s purpose is to act upon what is inherently human, that is, to attain happiness through experience. The fulfillment of such end leads to the state of eudaimonia, literally meaning happiness. Eudaimonia is a state of state of mind rather than an interpretative or emotive understanding of happiness per se. In order to achieve such, Aristotle first defines the distinct parts of the human soul, the notion of virtue and its function as part of experience. Happiness is subjective to the individual since there are many forms and concepts wherein happiness can be interpreted; pleasure leads to a state of temporal and physical happiness but does not eternally reside on the individual. The multitude of perspectives concerning the attainment of a universal idea of happiness is a dilemma; since experience provides a subjective interpretation of a phenomenon, there may be no existing ‘universal’ idea. As narrated in the Ethics: â€Å"And so the man who has been educated in a subject is a good judge of that subject, and the man who has received an all-round education is a good judge in general. Hence a young man is not a proper hearer of lectures on political science; for he is inexperienced in the actions that occur in life† (Aristotle 3). For Aristotle, experience and practicality are the foundations of ethical belief. In contrast with his predecessor’s mode of ethical discipline, Aristotle argues that ethics cannot be derived from an abstract notion such as Plato’s Theory of Forms where the self-existing good remains self-evident and unchangeable. This reason-based or rationalistic approach is refuted with Aristotle’s empirical standpoint. Experience, according to Aristotle, is a unique human condition and its uniqueness provides the basis for the formation of a practical ethical system of belief. In order to understand the concept of virtue, Aristotle first divides the parts of the human soul into two parts, the rational and irrational soul which is further subdivided into three categories, namely: the vegetative, appetitive, and calculative value. The irrational ‘part’ of the human person is related to the animalistic soul or instinct (nutritive value), while the rational soul is the distinguishing factor against pure instinctive tendencies. Thus, rational nature of the soul is the definition of the human persona humans has the ability to reason (calculative/appetitive) and impose control on irrational tendencies. The normative control over irrational desires is also a part of Aristotle’s biological differentiation between man and animal. Animals rely on instinct or desire which is irrational, to maintain their survival. The control of the irrational nature (appetitive) leads to the formation of moral virtue while the perfection of the pure rationalistic soul which provides intellect and reason (calculative) is known as an intellectual virtue. Thus, moral virtue falls under the middle ground between the intellect, which regulates it, and the passions, which virtue attempts to control. Virtue is defined as â€Å"a state of character concerned with choice, lying in a mean, i. e. the mean relative to us, this being determined by a rational principle, and by that principle by which the man of practical wisdom would determine it† (Aristotle 35). Virtue, in accordance with experience, is based from practical knowledge. Contradicting the notion of the self-existing good, practical knowledge replaces the notion of self-existing truths. The Platonic notion of understanding these truths is through self-recognition of ignorance as an obstacle of intellectual illumination. In contrast, the practicality of experience acts as the foundation of virtue that is learned through the uniqueness of human experience. Experience is then essential in acquiring these virtues rather than acknowledge the presence of such through the affirmation of doubt. Plato’s theory as exemplified in the Allegory of the Cave calls for the self-affirmation of ‘I know nothing’ in order to determine the absolute or ideal knowledge that exists in the realm of the forms. Aristotle deviates from this rationalistic approach as he emphasizes on practicality in determining truths. Further, Aristotle explains: â€Å"since things that are found in the soul are of three kinds – passions, faculties, states of character, virtue must be one of these† (Aristotle 43) The soul as expressed in its dualistic rational and irrational parts, contain passions, faculties, and other states of character. The passions consist of the emotional either accompanied by pleasure or pain (e. g. joy, sorrow). The faculties of the soul is the capability of these emotions (e. g. being happy, joyful, etc. ), while the states of character is the middle ground in-between the emotional opposites (e. g. consumed or weakened by anger). Virtue is then a mediation of the passions which acts upon the faculties of the soul and leads to the essence on the states of character. One of the important notions in Aristotelian ethics is the notion of the Golden Mean. The golden mean separates human action (e. g. passions) into virtue and vice. The mean, in context with experience, provides the avenue of practicing virtue in the process of attaining happiness. Virtues are either at mean or in opposition (virtue and vice). Vices are further categorized either in its extreme or deficient sense while moral virtue functions as the regulating principle situates action in moderation. For example, the virtue of modesty is the mean between the vice of deficiency (shamelessness) and extreme (bashfulness). The virtue of courage is the middle ground between rashness and cowardice. The concept of the golden mean is dictated by the functions of rationality wherein behavior is formed through experience. It however cannot be quantified through a mathematical or logical proposition; meaning to eat 100 times in excess means it cannot be justified by starving oneself in 50. This ethical system is solely dependent on the conception of rationality on the part of the individual in relation to the uniqueness of experience. The value of virtue is the understanding of mediation in action rather than performing in excess or deficiency. To understand the middle ground of opposite actions leads to intellectual calmness or realization; that to be in excess and deficient leads either through temporary happiness (pleasure) or the lack of it (pain). In addition, the task of finding the middle ground in vices is a difficult task. According to Aristotle: Hence also it is no easy task to be good. For in everything it is no easy task to find the middle, e. g. to find the middle of a circle is not for everyone but for him who knows; so, too, any one can get angry – that is easy – or give or spend money; but to do this to the right person, to the right extent, at the right time with the right motive, and in the right way, that is not for everyone, nor it is easy. (Aristotle 49) To easily determine the middle ground of vices cannot be applied for the totality of every individual since the irrational soul still acts upon its instinctive nature. In relation to the Platonic challenged posed by the Theory of Forms, the attainment of the good is solely dependent on the individual to countermand the irrational passions in order to redirect the soul and purpose in attaining its final end. Plato’s challenge is focused on the breakaway from ignorance to understand the ‘ideal’ world in which the world of illusions is based from. Aristotle on the other hand, focuses on the importance of experience and practical knowledge; to know happiness means we have to experience happiness. Aristotle’s happiness is attained through the practice of virtue and the regulation of the golden mean. However, Aristotle argues: â€Å"So much, then, is plain that the intermediate state is in all things to be praised, but that we must incline sometimes towards the excess, sometimes towards the deficiency, for so shall we most easily hit the mean and what is right† (Aristotle 50). In order to understand the mean, Aristotle again notes the importance of experience. The individual must therefore experience the extreme opposites of the passions (vice) in order to determine the golden mean. For example, one cannot know the virtue of courage if one does not become a coward (deficient) or be rash (excess) in actions. It is only after experience teaches the individual the value of virtue and virtue in turn, leads to the attainment of eudaimonia in which happiness is eternal. Reference Aristotle. Nicomachean Ethics (M. Ostwald, Trans. ) New York: Collier Macmillan. 1962

Henry Clerval Essay

These actions suggest that human nature can change as someone can be nice towards one thing and then they can be disgusted with that same thing at a different time. Victor gets very friendly with Henry Clerval in the time that they are in Ingolstadt. Henry nurses Victor back to health when he is ill. They came to be in the same college because Henry persuaded his father to let him come to Ingolstadt, but he said that it was hard to persuade as Henry’s father thought that all the skills that you need in your life are used and gained when you are a book keeper. It is ironic that Henry sees knowledge as a good thing but Victor uses scientific knowledge and turns it into a tragedy, Frankenstein should of followed in ‘s footsteps as Victor’s creation turned out to kill Henry. The way that Victor treated his family, is completely different to the way that Henry treated Victor. Victor dumped all of his family life behind him, and only spoke to them through short sharp letters, but Henry cared dearly for Victor and even spent useful time looking after Victor when he was seriously ill, Henry also puts his life on hold just to make him better. I think that the readers of the novel will be ashamed of Victor for abandoning his family and his creation, but also for letting Henry put his life on hold just to make him better. This is a selfish act, and Victor should be more grateful towards Henry and his family. Henry is a very caring man and has a lot of time for people, especially Victor who just takes his skills for granted. Henry’s kindness is shown throughout, examples of this kindness are; ‘I did not before remark how very ill you appear; so thin and pale, you look as if you have been watching for many nights. ‘, and ‘I will not mention it, if it agitates you. ‘ These shows that Henry cares greatly for Victor and that he doesn’t want to upset Victor. This caring manner contrasts with that of Victor’s when he rejects the monster because of its looks. Victor’s selfish side is shown throughout the novel, a few examples are; ‘I had deprived myself of rest and health. I had desired it with and ardour that far exceeded moderation, but now that I have finished, the beauty of the dream vanished, and breathless horror and disgust filled my heart’, ‘infinite pains’, and ‘I felt the bitterness of disappointment. ‘ These show that again Victor’s selfish. He doesn’t care about anyone but himself. Victor also uses the personal pronoun, ‘I’, this states that everything is about him, so this is also a selfish action. Victor keeps his creation a secret, he does not want to tell anyone as he is not yet sure of the outcome of the creature, but after the birth of the creation, he is ashamed of it, he believes that it is a product of hell and that the monster is beyond control and just decides to keep it to himself and lie to other people. This influences the readers’ attitude towards Victor in the rest of the novel because the readers may now believe that he can not tell the truth and that the narration of the story may be biased. This relates to the theme of secrecy in the rest of the novel, for example; when he makes a companion for the monster, and also not telling anyone that he knew what killed someone of his family and friends. Mary Shelley suggests that lots of people do keep secrets and do not want to tell anyone. We keep secrets because it will ruin something special, the person is ashamed or embarrassed of it, the person can not confide in anyone, or they just do not want to tell anyone, as it may get someone in trouble. People do keep secrets and usually lie, it may be small lies or it may be a serious lie. People tell lies to put the problem off for as long as they can until they crack, they do this because they think it is an easy option, but in the long run, it is the hardest option as it drags a lot out of your self esteem. The ending of the chapter is a contrast of the rest of the chapter, especially the beginning, the weather and the atmosphere created. In the begging of the chapter the weather is dull, and gloomy. This is shown throughout the opening paragraph. The phrases ‘the rain pattered dismally against the pains,’ and ‘dreary’ suggest that the weather reflects on the dark atmosphere created by the near birth of the creature, it also suggests that something may happen may happen later on in the chapter. In the ending paragraph, the atmosphere created is completely different. The descriptions show that there is change as it is now light. This is a pleasurable sight for Victor as the weather was so uninviting earlier on in the chapter. The phrase ‘young buds were shooting forth from trees that shaded my window. It was a divine spring,’ shows that the darkness has subsided to make way for the light. Also, there was a new beginning for the natural processes, growing of buds etc. There was a non artificial mood in the air as everything that was happening was completely natural, so this is a great contrast to everything that was happening in the first paragraph of the chapter. The word ‘divine’ is connected with heaven, so everything is moving on from Victor’s deed. It is also to do with God, so it is a contrast between the thought of hell earlier on in the chapter. In the following chapter people may think that Victor tries to accept the monster and is not so selfish towards it and also the rest of his family, because the chapter ends with relief for Victor. The reader, at the end of the chapter, may be wondering where the monster has gone and what the monster is really doing. It may be that they think he has gone to commit another deadly murder. To conclude, this chapter is very vital. In it, there is always something going on. The chapter helps you to see how Victor really is and how he treats people in times of struggle. When, the monster is created, we get the impression that Victor was excited, but then he was ashamed of the outcome. Furthermore, when the monster disappears he felt relieved even though it could still come back. At the time when the monster disappeared, it was like Victor started a whole new life, this showed that he was not really bothered about what would happen if the monster was let loosen the world. From this chapter, we find that when Victor gets engrossed in something, he forgets about the whole world around him and abandons people, like his family. Victor is prone to abandoning things and people in this chapter. For example; he abandons the monster just because of the way it looks, and hurts its feelings, making it commit murders on people close to Victor to get its own back. We find that Victor is to blame for the actions of the monster, and that Victor is very selfish. This is shown when he uses the person pronoun ‘I’, which shows that he is completely aware of himself and that he does not care much for other people. The secrecy in the novel is constant. Victor is always keeping secrets from his loved ones, whether large or small. The scientific ideas that Victor has are also important, as they bring together the whole story, as he knows man can create life with the correct theories and equipment. The theories that Victor has are going against God as it is an un-natural process, and that the creation will be forever criticized whether it is handsome or ugly. It also sums up how we treat each other in society today. I don not feel the same way as Victor did towards his creation. I think the actual monsters are Victor Frankenstein and M. Waldman these people both tried to create the creature, but Victor got further. They both created an abominable creature. I think some of the concerns in the novel are relevant today because not many people abandon things like children and pets, but the lucky ones get looked after. People also get abused because of the way they look, I think that this is wrong and should be stopped.   By Samantha Loader Page 1 Show preview only The above preview is unformatted text This student written piece of work is one of many that can be found in our GCSE Mary Shelley section.

Over time as people grow and learn new things, they...

Over time as people grow and learn new things, they develop morally. In the novel, â€Å"The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn†, Mark Twain depicts society through the eyes of a young boy, and the reality that is thrown at him throughout his journey. Huck’s journey creates a clearer image of the morals that are part of everyday life, or as defined by Webster Dictionary, the â€Å"beliefs about what is right behavior and what is wrong behavior.† The beginning of his journey starts off with a large part of Huck’s development, his views toward the corrupted society. Huck’s journey continues to show the hypocrisy and corruption within society, specifically religious matters. Huck’s friendship with Jim clears the blurry, unseen views toward racial†¦show more content†¦The unrealized corruption in society is also shown in the sense that society thinks owning slaves is â€Å"treating them well and giving them a better life.† Huck asks: â€Å"How is servants treated in England? Do they treat em better n we treat our niggers? ..No! A servant aint nobody there. They treat them worse than dogs,(Twain 173) Satirically, owning a slave in general is â€Å"treating them worse than dogs,† but in Southern society, it became a natural part of everyday life. Twain shows his negative perception on society by portraying the flaws that seem to go unrealized, and to show how corrupted or society is, especially individually. In the novel, Huckleberry Finn, Huck sees the general view of hypocrisy and corruption in society, but he begins to gain a deeper understanding in certain aspects of life. In the 1800’s, religion was taken very seriously, especially in America.The first sense of religion is shown in the first chapter, when Huck tells us that â€Å"When you got to the table you could go right to eating, but you had to wait for the widow to tuck down her head and grumble over the victuals, thoughShow MoreRelatedA Valuable Lesson in Mark Twains Adventures of Huckleberry Finn677 Words   |  3 PagesOver time as people grow and learn new things, they develop morally. Mark Twain did not write The â€Å"Adventures of Huckleberry Finn† just to entertain children with a story about a boy who goes on countless adventures. He wrote it to teach his audience a valuable life lesson. 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